A10. Aperture Answers

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  1. What is the aperture?
For any given scene there will be an optimum exposure. The exposure is a measure of how much light hits the sensor of your digital camera (in the old days it was how much light hit the film). 
2. What are the effects of controlling the aperture?
You can affect the shutter speed and depth of field.
3. What effect does a wide open aperture have on shutter speed?
The shutter speed is shorter.
4. What effect does a small (closed down) have on shutter speed?
The shutter speed is longer.
5. What did you learn from adjusting the simulated camera knobs?

I learned how shutter speed, depth of field, and aperture affect each other.

  1. What are the differences between full auto (the little green box on the Canons) and Program mode (the P on the Canon)?
Full-auto mode allows you to change only the image format, and the burst fire mode. It will even use the pop-up flash if it thinks it needs to. Program mode is similar to a priority mode. You can change the likes of metering, white balance, etc., but you can’t change the shutter speed or aperture (you can change the ISO). OK, now we’ve seen the difference, lets have a look at what it can do.
  1. What does the aperture control?
The aperture stop of a photographic lens can be adjusted to control the amount of light reaching the film or image sensor. 
  1. Define Depth of Field in your own words.
The amount of blurriness in a picture.
  1. What are the three main reasons to use Aperture Priority?
1. When you widen the aperture to a lower number, say f/2, then you allow much more light into the lens, which allows you to speed up the shutter speed.
2. Wider apertures also mean there’s a shallower depth of field and vice versa.
3. When you narrow the aperture to around f/8-11 this is typically when the lens will be at the sharpest.
  1. Why is a “faster lens” (one with a wider aperture) important when you purchase a lens?
When it comes to aperture, it’s to do with the hardware of the lens, so if you buy one with a wider aperture, you can keep the shutter speed at handheld speeds, while widening the aperture to allow more light in.
  1. What is the advantage of using AV mode on a sunny day with good light?
When the light is good, you don’t need to worry about blurring your images because the shutter speed is always going to be fast enough to capture the movement. Particularly if the light is good.
  1. What is the advantage of using AV mode for portraits?
When shooting portraits, whether you’re using flashes or natural light, the lighting is usually pretty good. We tend not to make things harder for ourselves than they need to be, so comfortable lighting situations mean that we can take the photos at the aperture of out choosing.
  1. What is the advantage of using AV mode for landscapes?
There are times where I will use a tripod, and if I am then I might use manual mode, but more often than not, I’m using my camera handheld so aperture priority works fine as I’m not playing with any longer shutter speeds.
  1. When should you use a shallow depth of field?
When you want something to be in focus and the background to be blurry.
  1. Why is AV mode not a good idea in poor light and/or a darkened room?
When you’re in low light, the two main worries are about exposure (not getting enough light) and camera shake (blurry pictures). If you set the camera to aperture priority then you’re only really dealing with half of the problem, which is light.
  1. Why is AV mode not a good idea for night landscapes?
The lighting becomes so unpredictable, you have to make calculations and estimations in your head, it’s really more a case of trial and error.

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